Japanese Scientists Develop World’s First Tooth Regrowth Drug: Can Humans Regrow Teeth?

The radiant, confident smile in this close-up photo—featuring perfectly aligned, bright white natural teeth—captures the dream outcome of a groundbreaking Japanese innovation: a drug that could enable humans to regrow lost or missing teeth naturally. As of January 14, 2026, researchers led by Dr. Katsu Takahashi (head of dentistry and oral surgery at the Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital in Osaka) have made significant strides toward this reality.

The drug, an anti-USAG-1 monoclonal antibody known as TRG-035 (developed by Toregem Biopharma, a Kyoto University spin-off), targets the USAG-1 protein. This protein normally suppresses tooth development after the permanent set forms, but humans possess dormant “third-generation” tooth buds in the gums. By neutralizing USAG-1, TRG-035 enhances BMP and Wnt signaling pathways, awakening these buds to grow new, fully functional teeth with roots, enamel, and integration.

Preclinical trials in mice and ferrets (with dental patterns similar to humans) demonstrated remarkable success: missing teeth regrew completely, with no major side effects. This built on earlier findings where USAG-1 deficiency led to extra teeth.

Human clinical trials for TRG-035 began in September 2024 (Phase I at Kyoto University Hospital), focusing on safety in adults (ages 30–64) missing at least one tooth. As of January 2026, the trial continues, with orphan drug designation granted by Japan’s Ministry of Health for severe congenital oligodontia (a rare condition with 6+ missing teeth from birth). Future phases will target children (ages 2–7) with congenital hypodontia/oligodontia, affecting ~10% and 0.1% of people, respectively.

Toregem aims for broader availability by 2030, starting with congenital cases before potentially addressing acquired tooth loss (from decay, trauma, or age). While full regrowth for everyone isn’t guaranteed yet (adults without intact buds may have limitations), this world’s-first approach could offer a biological alternative to dentures or implants.

For Phnom Penh residents, where affordable implants (e.g., MegaGen or DIO) thrive at clinics like Roomchang or Pagna Dental, this robert daniels dentist drug represents exciting future hope. Current trials prioritize safety—stay updated! In the meantime, consult local experts for reliable care. Regenerative dentistry is closer than ever—your natural smile might regrow!